Set against the backdrop of growing regional tension, major work is being carried out to defence facilities across Australia and a significant portion falls under the umbrella of the US Force Posture Initiative.

The most recent additions to the overarching USFPI occurred in 2023 with the signing of an Enhanced Space Cooperation agreement, together with a commitment to conducting more regular and longer-duration visits of US Navy nuclear submarines, and increased rotations of US Navy maritime patrol and reconnaissance aircraft.

Looking to the future, the most recent round of bilateral discussions (AUSMIN 24) agreed to progress the redevelopment of northern air bases – primarily Darwin and Tindal – but to begin scoping the RAAF’s bare bases across the north of the country in the form of RAAF Curtin and Learmonth in Western Australia, and Scherger in Queensland.

The upcoming AUSMIN 25 dialogue will further outline steps to enhance the FPI and grow the defence infrastructure footprint across the country. It will lead to a number of announcements in regard to the next steps in force posture activities within Australia.

A US nuclear-powered submarine has pulled into Darwin Harbour, with authorities keeping the high-value vessel under close wraps from the public eye.

On Thursday morning, the USS Minnesota, escorted by a couple of tug boats, was seen passing through Darwin Harbour towards East Arm.

It is understood the USS Minnesota cruised to northern Australia directly from Perth, where it was docked at HMAS Stirling last month.

Last week, the NT Government issued a ‘notice to mariners’, warning local boaties the waters surrounding East Arm Wharf would be closed due to a joint US navy and ADF operation which runs until April 3.

Defence Minister Richard Marles has hosted his US and Japanese counterparts in Darwin for trilateral discussions on increased military cooperation.

Japanese troops will begin regular deployments in northern Australia as part of military cooperation between the three countries, Mr Marles announced on Sunday.

"Today we are announcing that there will be regular deployments of Japan's amphibious Rapid Deployment Brigade to Australia," Mr Marles said at a televised press conference in Darwin.

Mr Lander said he held deep reservations about the US military presence in Australia, with the former deputy ambassador maintaining the Top End was being weaponised by Washington DC in favour of American interests.

“The US is not preparing to go to war against China, it is preparing Australia to go to war against China,” he told a conference in Perth last week.

“It is preparing a number of countries in our region to be its proxies in such a war, as it has done using Ukraine in [the] war against Russia.”

“The likes of Sydney and Melbourne are a very long way away from Darwin, so people can often be psychologically removed from the problem. There is no physical presence of US military for most people in Australia, so they can remain complacent in grasping the reality of what is happening in our country.”

Japanese troops could join US marines for regular rotations through the Top End as Tokyo, Washington and Canberra continue to deepen defence and strategic ties in the face of China's swelling military might.

Next year, Australia will participate for the first time in Orient Shield, the largest annual field training exercise between the U.S. Army and Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.

Australia and Japan also plan to involve the Japanese Amphibious Rapid Deployment Brigade, a marine unit of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, in annual training rotations of U.S. Marines in the northern Australian city of Darwin.

The ministers agreed on more engagement in training exercises involving the two air forces after F-35A Lighting II stealth fighters from both countries joined in combat training over Japan last year in Exercise Bushido Guardian